Molecular characterisation incorporating immunohistochemical assessment of p53 and MMR protein expression now plays a critical role in the classification and management of female genital tract tumours, particularly in cases of endometrial carcinoma. With increasing use of these markers, unusual or discordant staining patterns can be seen that can represent pitfalls and/or generate diagnostic uncertainty. This session will cover a selection of such cases aiming to highlight how the integration of morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular results can help avoid misclassification and ensure appropriate treatment for our patients.